CIMIT FORUM AGENDA

Massachusetts General Hospital

Richard B. Simches Research Center, Room 3110

185 Cambridge Street, Boston

November 6, 2007

4:00 – 6:00 PM


4:00PM How Are You Really Doing? Innovations in Functional Outcomes Measurement in Rehabilitation
Presenter: Alan M. Jette, PT, PhD, FAPTA, Professor of Health Policy & Management, Boston University School of Public Health; Director, Health & Disability Research Institute, BU; Research Director, New England Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center, BUMC; Director, Post Doctoral Research Fellowship in Rehabilitation Outcomes and Effectiveness Research, BU, ajette@bu.edu
Moderator: Kenneth L. Minaker, MD, Chief, Geriatric Medicine Unit, Associate Professor of Medicine, MGH Senior Health, kminaker@partners.org


Rehabilitative care is a major part of the U.S. healthcare system, and from the hospital to the home, clinicians and other caregivers depend on metrics to gauge each patient’s progress.  These measurements promote speedy rehabilitation by providing information that can help guide therapy, but at the moment, there may be too many metrics to choose from.  Most measuring instruments are designed for one setting, but today, one episode of rehabilitative care usually cuts across multiple settings, perhaps from an inpatient facility to a rehab center to the patient’s home.  The healthcare system needs new outcome assessment instruments, and these should cover a broad functional range without sacrificing precision.

Researchers led by Alan M. Jette, PhD, of the Boston University School of Public Health have created a new metric, known as the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC), to assess outcomes based on item response theory.  The new metric consists of questions posed by focus groups, care providers, and the scientific literature.  The questions, or items, have been correlated with one another based on the responses of over one thousand trial subjects.  Each item measures a patient’s ability to perform one of 269 functional tasks, and the tasks are divided into three sub-domains: daily activities, mobility, and applied cognitive skills. 

AM-PAC is a computer-adaptive test, so it is fairly easy to administer.  Not all questions in the battery of 269 items are asked to each patient.  Each new question is based on the patient’s previous response.  The computer is able to quickly assess the general area of the scale on which the patient falls, and then it asks questions designed to obtain a precise measure of the patient’s functional abilities.  Because the computerized test tailors itself to each individual patient, a caregiver can obtain measurements in all three AM-PAC sub-domains in around five minutes, yet the test is broad enough to be applicable in many settings.

Despite the advantages of the AM-PAC system, there are still obstacles to be overcome.  The test requires computer platforms that are not available everywhere, and it can present IT challenges.  In some settings, care providers are legally required to use other metrics, and few providers are willing to do “extra” tests.  Finally, the test itself still needs to be made more intuitively interpretable to clinicians.  Nevertheless, computer-adaptive testing seems to be the technology of the future for outcome assessment.     View this video

5:00PM Three Big Risks For Older Adults: Walking, Climbing Stairs and Rising from a Chair - Evidence-based Rehabilitative Care for Older Adults
Presenter: Jonathan Bean
, MD, MS, MPH. Assistant Professor, Director, Research Training and Education, Department PM&R, Harvard Medical School; Medical Director, Spaulding Cambridge Outpatient Center, jfbean@partners.org
Moderator: Bette Ann Harris, DPT, Clinical Professor, Special Assistant to the President for New Initiatives, MGH Institute of Health Professions, baharris@partners.org

Impaired mobility is a major health concern for older adults, affecting fifty percent of people over 85 and at least a quarter of those over 75.  As adults lose the ability to walk, to climb stairs, and to rise from a chair, they become completely disabled. The problem cannot be ignored because people over 65 constitute the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population. 

            Therapy designed to improve mobility in elderly patients is usually built around diagnosing and treating specific impairments, such as reduced strength or poor balance.  It is appropriate to compare older adults seeking to improve their mobility to athletes seeking to improve their split times.  People in both groups perform best when they measure their progress and work toward specific goals related to strength, aerobic capacity, and other physical qualities.  Someone attempting to improve an older adult’s mobility must decide what impairments to focus on, and in many cases, there is little scientific evidence to justify any of the options.   

            Today, many caregivers choose to focus on leg strength and balance.  Growing evidence, however, supports the view that limb velocity and core strength are also important factors in mobility.  Power, after all, is the product of force (strength) and velocity, and exercise physiologists have long stressed that strong abdominal and back muscles are important to athletic performance.

            It is still relatively difficult to measure limb velocity and core strength.  Ideally, measures of these factors should be inexpensive, reliable, broadly applicable, and easy for the one being tested to perform.  A newly thought-up stair-climbing test of power is slightly less reliable than more expensive tests, but so far, it has worked relatively well.  Measures of core strength, too, are being developed.  As clinically feasible ways of measuring limb velocity and core strength are found, these considerations may become a more important part of the care received by patients with impaired mobility. 


View this video